Comptia a+ Free Essays

string(174) " Power and electrical input devices o Auto-switching o Fixed input power supplies o Batteries \? Input devices o Stylus / digitizer CompTIA A\+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2\." CompTIA A+ Essentials (2009 Edition) Objectives Exam Number: 220-701 Introduction In order to receive CompTIA A+ certification a candidate must pass two exams. The first exam is CompTIA A+ Essentials, exam number 220-701. The CompTIA A+ Essentials examination measures necessary competencies for an entry-level IT professional with the equivalent knowledge of at least 500 hours of hands-on experience in the lab or field. We will write a custom essay sample on Comptia a+ or any similar topic only for you Order Now Successful candidates will have the knowledge required to understand the fundamentals of computer technology, networking, and security, and will have the skills required to identify hardware, peripheral, networking, and security components. Successful candidates will understand the basic functionality of the operating system and basic troubleshooting methodology, practice proper safety procedures, and will effectively interact with customers and peers. CompTIA A+ is ISO 17024 Accredited (Personnel Certification Accreditation) and, as such, undergoes regular reviews and updates to the exam objectives. The following CompTIA A+ Essentials objectives reflect the subject areas in the 2009 Edition of the exam and result from subject matter expert workshops and industry-wide survey results regarding the skills and knowledge required of an entry-level IT professional. The percentages in this document represent the relative importance of the subject areas (domains) in the associated body of knowledge, and together establish the foundation of an entry-level IT professional. This examination blueprint includes domain weighting, test objectives, and example content. Example topics and concepts are included to clarify the test objectives and should not be construed as a comprehensive listing of all the content of this examination. Candidates are encouraged to use this document to guide their studies. The contents of the examination blueprint help prioritize topics and provide a guide of what to expect on the CompTIA A+ Essentials exam. The table below lists the domains measured by this examination and the extent to which they are represented. The CompTIA A+ Essentials (2009 Edition) exam is based on these objectives. Domain 1. 0 2. 0 3. 0 4. 0 5. 0 6. Hardware Troubleshooting, Repair Maintenance Operating System and Software Networking Security Operational Procedure Percentage of Examination 27% 20% 20% 15% 8% 10% 100% Total **Note: The lists of examples provided in bulleted format below each objective are not exhaustive lists. Other examples of technologies, processes or tasks pertaining to each objective may also be included on the exam althou gh not listed or covered in this objectives document. CompTIA is constantly reviewing the content of our exams and updating test questions to be sure our exams are current and the security of the questions is protected. When necessary, we will publish updated exams based on existing exam objectives. Please know that all related exam preparation materials will still be valid. CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 1 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. 1. 0 Hardware 1. 1 Categorize storage devices and backup media ? FDD ? HDD o Solid state vs. magnetic ? Optical drives o CD / DVD / RW / Blu-Ray ? Removable storage o Tape drive o Solid state (e. g. humb drive, flash, SD cards, USB) o External CD-RW and hard drive o Hot swappable devices and non-hot swappable devices 1. 2 Explain motherboard components, types and features ? Form Factor o ATX / BTX, o micro ATX o NLX ? I/O interfaces o Sound o Video o USB 1. 1 and 2. 0 o Serial o IEEE 1394 / Firewire o Parallel o NIC o Modem o PS/2 ? Memory slots o RIMM o DIMM o SODIMM o SIMM ? Processor sockets ? Bus architecture ? Bus slots o PCI o AGP o PCIe o AMR o CNR o PCMCIA ? PATA o IDE o EIDE ? SATA, eSATA ? Contrast RAID (levels 0, 1, 5) ? Chipsets ? BIOS / CMOS / Firmware o POST o CMOS battery ? Riser card / daughterboard 1. 3 Classify power supplies types and characteristics CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. 2 of 17 ? ? ? ? ? AC adapter ATX proprietary Voltage, wattage and capacity Voltage selector switch Pins (20, 24) 1. 4 Explain the purpose and characteristics of CPUs and their features ? Identify CPU types o AMD o Intel ? Hyper threading ? Multi core o Dual core o Triple core o Quad core ? Onchip cache o L1 o L2 ? Speed (real vs. actual) ? 32bit vs. 64 bit 1. 5 Explain cooling methods and devices ? Heat sinks ? CPU and case fans ? Liquid cooling systems ? Thermal compound 1. 6 Compare and contrast memory types, characteristics and their purpose ? Types o DRAM o SRAM o SDRAM o DDR / DDR2 / DDR3 o RAMBUS ? Parity vs. Non-parity ? ECC vs. non-ECC ? Single sided vs. double sided ? Single channel vs. dual channel ? Speed o PC100 o PC133 o PC2700 o PC3200 o DDR3-1600 o DDR2-667 1. 7 Distinguish between the different display devices and their characteristics ? Projectors, CRT and LCD ? LCD technologies o Resolution (e. . XGA, SXGA+, UXGA, WUXGA) o Contrast ratio o Native resolution ? Connector types o VGA CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. 3 of 17 ? o o o o Settings o o o o HDMi S-Video Component / RGB DVI pin compatibility Refresh rate Resolution Multi-monitor Degauss 1. 8 Install and configure peripherals and input devices ? Mouse ? Keyboard ? Bar code reader ? Multimedia (e. g. web and digital cameras, MIDI, microphones) ? Biometric devices ? Touch screen ? KVM switch 1. 9 Summarize the function and types of adapter cards ? Video o PCI o PCIe o AGP ? Multimedia o Sound card o TV tuner cards o Capture cards ? I/O o SCSI o Serial o USB o Parallel ? Communications o NIC o Modem 1. 10 Install, configure and optimize laptop components and features ? Expansion devices o PCMCIA cards o PCI Express cards o Docking station ? Communication connections o Bluetooth o Infrared o Cellular WAN o Ethernet o Modem ? Power and electrical input devices o Auto-switching o Fixed input power supplies o Batteries ? Input devices o Stylus / digitizer CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 4 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. o o Function keys Point devices (e. g. touch pad, point stick / track point) 1. 11 Install and configure printers ? Differentiate between printer types o Laser o Inkjet o Thermal o Impact ? Local vs. network printers ? Printer drivers (compatibility) ? Consumables 2. 0 Troubleshooting, Repair and Maintenance 2. Given a scenario, explain the troubleshooting theory ? Identify the problem o Question the user and identify user changes to computer and perform backups before making changes ? Establish a theory of probable cause (question the obvious) ? Test the theory to determine cause o Once theory is confirmed determine next steps to resolve problem o If theory is not confirmed re-establish new theory or escalate ? Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and implement the solution ? Verify full system functionality and if applicable implement preventative measures ? Document findings, actions and outcomes 2. 2 Given a scenario, explain and interpret common hardware and operating system symptoms and their causes ? OS related symptoms o Bluescreen o System lock-up o Input/output device o Application install o Start or load o Windows specific printing problems ? Print spool stalled ? Incorrect / incompatible driver ? Hardware related symptoms o Excessive heat o Noise o Odors o Status light indicators o Alerts o Visible damage (e. g. cable, plastic) ? Use documentation and resources o User / installation manuals o Internet / web based o Training materials 2. Given a scenario, determine the troubleshooting methods and tools for printers ? Manage print jobs ? Print spooler ? Printer properties and settings CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. 5 of 17 ? Print a test page 2. 4 Given a sc enario, explain and interpret common laptop issues and determine the appropriate basic troubleshooting method ? Issues o Power conditions o Video o Keyboard o Pointer o Stylus o Wireless card issues ? Methods o Verify power (e. . LEDs, swap AC adapter) o Remove unneeded peripherals o Plug in external monitor o Toggle Fn keys or hardware switches o Check LCD cutoff switch o Verify backlight functionality and pixilation o Check switch for built-in WIFI antennas or external antennas 2. 5 Given a scenario, integrate common preventative maintenance techniques ? Physical inspection ? Updates o Driver o Firmware o OS o Security ? Scheduling preventative maintenance o Defrag o Scandisk o Check disk o Startup programs ? Use of appropriate repair tools and cleaning materials o Compressed air o Lint free cloth o Computer vacuum and compressors ? Power devices o Appropriate source such as power strip, surge protector or UPS ? Ensuring proper environment ? Backup procedures 3. 0 Operating Systems and Software – Unless otherwise noted, operating systems referred to within include Microsoft Windows 2000, Windows XP Professional, XP Home, XP MediaCenter, Windows Vista Home, Home Premium, Business and Ultimate, Windows 7 Starter, Home Premium, Professional and Ultimate 3. 1 Compare and contrast the different Windows Operating Systems and their features ? Windows 2000, Windows XP 32bit vs. 64bit, Windows Vista 32 bit vs. 64bit, Windows 7 32-bit vs. 4-bit o Side bar, Aero, UAC, minimum system requirements, system limits o Windows 2000 and newer – upgrade paths and requirements ? Windows OS Upgrade Advisor ? Microsoft Assessment and Planning Toolkit CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 6 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectiv es are subject to change without notice. o o o Terminology (32bit vs. 64bit – x86 vs. x64) Application compatibility, installed program locations (32bit vs. 64bit), Windows compatibility mode User interface, start bar layout 3. Given a scenario, demonstrate proper use of user interfaces ? Windows Explorer o Libraries in Windows 7 ? My Computer ? Control Panel ? Command prompt utilities o telnet o ping o ipconfig ? Run line utilities o msconfig o msinfo32 o Dxdiag o Cmd o REGEDIT ? My Network Places / Home Group ? Location of basic network settings between OS versions ? Task bar / systray ? Administrative tools o Performance monitor, Event Viewer, Services, Computer Management ? MMC ? Task Manager ? Start Menu 3. 3 Explain the process and steps to install and configure the Windows OS ? File systems o FAT32 vs. NTFS ? Directory structures o Create folders o Navigate directory structures ? Files o Creation o Extensions o Attributes o Permissions ? Verification of hardware compatibility and minimum requirements ? Installation methods o Boot media such as DVD, CD, floppy or USB o Network installation o Install from image o Recover CD o Factory recovery partition ? Operating system installation options o File system type o Network configuration o Repair install ? Disk preparation order o Format drive o Partition CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 7 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. ? ? ? ? ? o Start installation Device Manager o Verify o Install and update devices drivers o Driver signing User data migration – User State Migration Tool (USMT) Virtual memory Configure power management o Suspend o Wake on LAN o Sleep timers o Hibernate o Standby Demonstrate safe removal of peripherals 3. 4 Explain the basics of boot sequences, methods and startup utilities ? Disk boot order / device priority o Types of boot devices (disk, network, USB, other) ? Boot options o Safe mode o Boot to restore point o Recovery options ? Automated System Recovery (ASR) ? Emergency Repair Disk (ERD) ? Recovery console 4. 0 Networking 4. 1 Summarize the basics of networking fundamentals, including technologies, devices and protocols ? Basics of configuring IP addressing and TCP/IP properties (DHCP, DNS) ? Bandwidth and latency ? Status indicators ? Protocols (TCP/IP, NETBIOS) ? Full-duplex, half-duplex ? Basics of workgroups and domains ? Common ports: HTTP, FTP, POP, SMTP, TELNET, HTTPS ? LAN / WAN ? Hub, switch and router ? Identify Virtual Private Networks (VPN) ? Basics class identification ? IPv6 vs. IPv4 o Address length differences o Address conventions 4. 2 Categorize network cables and connectors and their implementations ? Cables o Plenum / PVC o UTP (e. g. CAT3, CAT5 / 5e, CAT6) o STP o Fiber o Coaxial cable CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 8 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. ? Connectors o RJ45 o RJ11 4. 3 Compare and contrast the different network types ? Broadband o DSL o Cable o Satellite o Fiber ? Dial-up ? Wireless o All 802. 11 types o WEP o WPA o SSID o MAC filtering o DHCP settings ? Bluetooth ? Cellular 5. 0 Security 5. 1 Explain the basic principles of security concepts and technologies ? Encryption technologies ? Data wiping / hard drive destruction / hard drive recycling ? Software firewall o Port security o Exceptions ? Authentication technologies o User name o Password o Biometrics o Smart cards ? Basics of data sensitivity and data security o Compliance o Classifications o Social engineering 5. 2 Summarize the following security features ? Wireless encryption o WEPx and WPAx o Client configuration (SSID) ? Malicious software protection o Viruses o Trojans o Worms o Spam o Spyware o Adware o Grayware ? BIOS Security o Drive lock CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 9 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. ? ? ? o Passwords o Intrusion detection o TPM Password management / password complexity Locking workstation o Hardware o Operating system Biometrics o Fingerprint scanner 6. 0 Operational Procedure 6. 1 Outline the purpose of appropriate safety and environmental procedures and given a scenario apply them ? ESD ? EMI o Network interference o Magnets ? RFI o Cordless phone interference o Microwaves ? Electrical safety o CRT o Power supply o Inverter o Laser printers o Matching power requirements of equipment with power distribution and UPSs ? Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) ? Cable management o Avoiding trip hazards ? Physical safety o Heavy devices o Hot components ? Environmental – consider proper disposal procedures 6. 2 Given a scenario, demonstrate the appropriate use of communication skills and professionalism in the workplace ? Use proper language – avoid jargon, acronyms, slang ? Maintain a positive attitude ? Listen and do not interrupt a customer ? Be culturally sensitive ? Be on time o If late contact the customer ? Avoid distractions o Personal calls o Talking to co-workers while interacting with customers o Personal interruptions ? Dealing with a difficult customer or situation o Avoid arguing with customers and/or being defensive o Do not minimize customers’ problems o Avoid being judgmental o Clarify customer statements ? Ask open-ended questions to narrow the scope of the problem ? Restate the issue or question to verify understanding CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 10 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. ? Set and meet expectations / timeline and communicate status with the customer o Offer different repair / replacement options if applicable o Provide proper documentation on the services provided o Follow up with customer / user at a later date to verify satisfaction Deal appropriately with customers confidential materials o Located on compu ter, desktop, printer, etc. CompTIA A+ Acronyms Introduction The following is a list of acronyms which appear on the CompTIA A+ exams. Candidates are encouraged to review the complete list and attain a working knowledge of all listed acronyms as a part of a comprehensive exam preparation program. ACRONYM AC ACL ACPI ACT ADSL AGP AMD APIPA APM ARP ASR ATA ATAPI ATM ATX BIOS BNC BTX CD CD-ROM CD-RW CDFS CFS CMOS COMx CPU CRT DAC DB-25 SPELLED OUT alternating current access control list advanced configuration and power interface activity asymmetrical digital subscriber line accelerated graphics port advanced micro devices automatic private internet protocol addressing advanced power management address resolution protocol automated system recovery advanced technology attachment advanced technology attachment packet interface asynchronous transfer mode advanced technology extended basic input/output system Bayonet-Neill-Concelman or British Naval Connector balanced technology extended compact disc compact disc-read-only memory compact disc-rewritable compact disc file system Central File System, Common File System, Command File System complementary metal-oxide semiconductor communication port (x=port number) central processing unit cathode-ray tube discretionary access control ser ial communications D-shell connector, 25 pins Version 2. 0 11 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. DB-9 DC DDOS DDR DDR RAM DDR SDRAM DFS DHCP DIMM DIN DIP DLT DLP DMA DMZ DNS DOS DRAM DSL DVD DVD-RAM DVD-ROM DVD-R DVD-RW DVI ECC ECP EEPROM EFS EIDE EMI EMP EPROM EPP ERD ESD EVGA EVDO FAT FAT12 FAT16 FAT32 FDD Fn 9 pin D shell connector direct current distributed denial of service double data-rate double data-rate random access memory double data-rate synchronous ynamic random access memory distributed file system dynamic host configuration protocol dual inline memory module Deutsche Industrie Norm dual inline package digital linear tape digital light processing direct memory access demilitarized zone domain name service or domain name server denial of service dynamic random access memory digital subscriber line digital vid eo disc or digital versatile disc digital video disc-random access memory digital video disc-read only memory digital video disc-recordable digital video disc-rewritable digital visual interface error correction code extended capabilities port electrically erasable programmable read-only memory encrypting file system enhanced integrated drive electronics electromagnetic interference electromagnetic pulse erasable programmable read-only memory enhanced parallel port emergency repair disk electrostatic discharge extended video graphics adapter/array evolution data optimized or evolution data only file allocation table 12-bit file allocation table 16-bit file allocation table 32-bit file allocation table floppy disk drive Function (referring to the function key on a laptop) Version 2. 0 12 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. FPM FRU FSB FTP FQDN Gb GB GDI GHz GUI GPS GSM HAL HCL HDD HDMi HPFS HTML HTTP HTTPS I/O ICMP ICR IDE IDS IEEE IIS IMAP IP IPCONFIG IPP IPSEC IPX IPX/SPX IR IrDA IRQ ISA ISDN ISO ISP JBOD Kb KB fast page-mode field replaceable unit Front Side Bus file transfer protocol fully qualified domain name gigabit gigabyte graphics device interface gigahertz graphical user interface global positioning system global system for mobile communications hardware abstraction layer hardware compatibility list hard disk drive high definition media interface high performance file system hypertext markup language hypertext transfer protocol hypertext transfer protocol over secure sockets layer input/output internet control essage protocol intelligent character recognition integrated drive electronics Intrusion Detection System Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Internet Information Services internet mail access protocol internet protocol internet protocol configuration internet printing pr otocol internet protocol security internetwork packet exchange internetwork packet exchange/sequenced packet exchange infrared Infrared Data Association interrupt request industry standard architecture integrated services digital network Industry Standards Organization internet service provider just a bunch of disks kilobit Kilobyte or knowledge base Version 2. 0 13 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. LAN LBA LC LCD LDAP LED Li-on LPD/LPR LPT LVD MAC MAPI MAU Mb MB MBR MBSA MFD MFP MHz MicroDIMM MIDI MIME MMC MMX MP3 MP4 MPEG MSCONFIG MSDS MUI NAC NAS NAT NetBIOS NetBEUI NFS NIC NiCd NiMH NLX NNTP NTFS NTLDR ocal area network logical block addressing Lucent connector liquid crystal display lightweight directory access protocol light emitting diode lithium-ion line printer daemon / line printer remote line printer terminal low voltage differential media access control / mandatory access control messaging application programming interface media access unit, media attachment unit megabit megabyte master boot record Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer multi-function device multi-function product megahertz micro dual inline memory module musical instrument digital interface multipurpose internet mail extension Microsoft management console multimedia extensions Moving Picture Experts Group Layer 3 Audio Moving Picture Experts Group Layer 4 Moving Picture Experts Group Microsoft configuration material safety data sheet multilingual user interface network access control network-attached storage network address translation networked basic input/output system networked basic input/output system extended user interface network file system network interface card nickel cadmium nickel metal hydride new low-profile extended network news transfer protocol new technology file system new technology loader Version 2. 0 14 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. NTP OCR OEM OS PAN PATA PC PCI PCIe PCIX PCL PCMCIA PDA PGA PGA2 PIN PKI PnP POP3 POST POTS PPP PPTP PRI PROM PS/2 PSTN PSU PVC PXE QoS RAID RAM RAS RDRAM RDP RF RFI RGB RIMM RIP RIS RISC RJ Network Time Protocol optical character recognition original equipment manufacturer operating system personal area network parallel advanced technology attachment personal computer peripheral component interconnect peripheral component interconnect express peripheral component interconnect extended printer control language Personal Computer Memory Card International Association personal digital assistant pin grid array pin grid array 2 personal identification number public key infrastructure plug and play post office protocol 3 power-on self test plain old telephone service point-to-point protocol point-to-point tunneling protocol primary rate interface programmable read-only memory personal system/2 connector public switched telephone network power supply unit permanent virtual circuit preboot execution environment quality of service redundant array of independent (or inexpensive) discs random access memory remote access service RAMBUS ® dynamic random access memory Remote Desktop Protocol radio frequency radio frequency interference red green blue RAMBUS ® inline memory module routing information protocol remote installation service reduced instruction set computer registered jack Version 2. 0 15 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. RJ-11 RJ-45 RMA ROM RS-232 or RS-232C RTC SAN SATA SC SCP SCSI SCSI ID SD card SDRAM SEC SFC SGRAM SIMM SLI S. M. A. R. T. SMB SMTP SNMP SoDIMM SOHO SP SP1 SP2 SP3 SP4 SPDIF SPGA SPX SRAM SSH SSID SSL ST STP SVGA SXGA TB TCP TCP/IP egistered jack function 11 registered jack function 45 returned materials authorization read only memory recommended standard 232 real-time clock storage area network serial advanced technology attachment subscription channel secure copy protection small computer system interface small computer system interface identifier secure digital car d synchronous dynamic random access memory single edge connector system file checker synchronous graphics random access memory single inline memory module scalable link interface or system level integration or scanline interleave mode self-monitoring, analysis, and reporting technology server message block or small to midsize business simple mail transport protocol simple network management protocol small outline dual inline memory module small office/home office service pack service pack 1 service pack 2 service pack 3 service pack 4 Sony-Philips digital interface format staggered pin grid array sequenced package exchange static random access memory secure shell service set identifier secure sockets layer straight tip shielded twisted pair super video graphics array super extended graphics array terabyte transmission control protocol transmission control protocol/internet protocol Version 2. 0 16 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology In dustry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. TDR TFTP TPM UAC UART UDF UDMA UDP UNC UPS URL USB USMT UTP UXGA VESA VFAT VGA VoIP VPN VRAM WAN WAP WEP WIFI WINS WLAN WPA WUXGA XGA ZIF ZIP ime domain reflectometer trivial file transfer protocol trusted platform module user account control universal asynchronous receiver transmitter user defined functions or universal disk format or universal data format ultra direct memory access user datagram protocol universal naming convention uninterruptible power supply uniform resource locator universal serial bus user state migration tool unshielded twisted pair ultra extended graphics array Video Electronics Standards Association virtual file allocation table video graphics array voice over internet protocol virtual private network video random access memory wide area network wireless application protocol wired equivalent privacy wireless fidelity windows internet name service wireless local area network wireless protected access wide ultra extended graphics array extended graphics array zero-insertion-force zigzag inline package CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 17 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. How to cite Comptia a+, Papers

Comptia a+ Free Essays

string(174) " Power and electrical input devices o Auto-switching o Fixed input power supplies o Batteries \? Input devices o Stylus / digitizer CompTIA A\+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2\." CompTIA A+ Essentials (2009 Edition) Objectives Exam Number: 220-701 Introduction In order to receive CompTIA A+ certification a candidate must pass two exams. The first exam is CompTIA A+ Essentials, exam number 220-701. The CompTIA A+ Essentials examination measures necessary competencies for an entry-level IT professional with the equivalent knowledge of at least 500 hours of hands-on experience in the lab or field. We will write a custom essay sample on Comptia a+ or any similar topic only for you Order Now Successful candidates will have the knowledge required to understand the fundamentals of computer technology, networking, and security, and will have the skills required to identify hardware, peripheral, networking, and security components. Successful candidates will understand the basic functionality of the operating system and basic troubleshooting methodology, practice proper safety procedures, and will effectively interact with customers and peers. CompTIA A+ is ISO 17024 Accredited (Personnel Certification Accreditation) and, as such, undergoes regular reviews and updates to the exam objectives. The following CompTIA A+ Essentials objectives reflect the subject areas in the 2009 Edition of the exam and result from subject matter expert workshops and industry-wide survey results regarding the skills and knowledge required of an entry-level IT professional. The percentages in this document represent the relative importance of the subject areas (domains) in the associated body of knowledge, and together establish the foundation of an entry-level IT professional. This examination blueprint includes domain weighting, test objectives, and example content. Example topics and concepts are included to clarify the test objectives and should not be construed as a comprehensive listing of all the content of this examination. Candidates are encouraged to use this document to guide their studies. The contents of the examination blueprint help prioritize topics and provide a guide of what to expect on the CompTIA A+ Essentials exam. The table below lists the domains measured by this examination and the extent to which they are represented. The CompTIA A+ Essentials (2009 Edition) exam is based on these objectives. Domain 1. 0 2. 0 3. 0 4. 0 5. 0 6. Hardware Troubleshooting, Repair Maintenance Operating System and Software Networking Security Operational Procedure Percentage of Examination 27% 20% 20% 15% 8% 10% 100% Total **Note: The lists of examples provided in bulleted format below each objective are not exhaustive lists. Other examples of technologies, processes or tasks pertaining to each objective may also be included on the exam althou gh not listed or covered in this objectives document. CompTIA is constantly reviewing the content of our exams and updating test questions to be sure our exams are current and the security of the questions is protected. When necessary, we will publish updated exams based on existing exam objectives. Please know that all related exam preparation materials will still be valid. CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 1 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. 1. 0 Hardware 1. 1 Categorize storage devices and backup media ? FDD ? HDD o Solid state vs. magnetic ? Optical drives o CD / DVD / RW / Blu-Ray ? Removable storage o Tape drive o Solid state (e. g. humb drive, flash, SD cards, USB) o External CD-RW and hard drive o Hot swappable devices and non-hot swappable devices 1. 2 Explain motherboard components, types and features ? Form Factor o ATX / BTX, o micro ATX o NLX ? I/O interfaces o Sound o Video o USB 1. 1 and 2. 0 o Serial o IEEE 1394 / Firewire o Parallel o NIC o Modem o PS/2 ? Memory slots o RIMM o DIMM o SODIMM o SIMM ? Processor sockets ? Bus architecture ? Bus slots o PCI o AGP o PCIe o AMR o CNR o PCMCIA ? PATA o IDE o EIDE ? SATA, eSATA ? Contrast RAID (levels 0, 1, 5) ? Chipsets ? BIOS / CMOS / Firmware o POST o CMOS battery ? Riser card / daughterboard 1. 3 Classify power supplies types and characteristics CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. 2 of 17 ? ? ? ? ? AC adapter ATX proprietary Voltage, wattage and capacity Voltage selector switch Pins (20, 24) 1. 4 Explain the purpose and characteristics of CPUs and their features ? Identify CPU types o AMD o Intel ? Hyper threading ? Multi core o Dual core o Triple core o Quad core ? Onchip cache o L1 o L2 ? Speed (real vs. actual) ? 32bit vs. 64 bit 1. 5 Explain cooling methods and devices ? Heat sinks ? CPU and case fans ? Liquid cooling systems ? Thermal compound 1. 6 Compare and contrast memory types, characteristics and their purpose ? Types o DRAM o SRAM o SDRAM o DDR / DDR2 / DDR3 o RAMBUS ? Parity vs. Non-parity ? ECC vs. non-ECC ? Single sided vs. double sided ? Single channel vs. dual channel ? Speed o PC100 o PC133 o PC2700 o PC3200 o DDR3-1600 o DDR2-667 1. 7 Distinguish between the different display devices and their characteristics ? Projectors, CRT and LCD ? LCD technologies o Resolution (e. . XGA, SXGA+, UXGA, WUXGA) o Contrast ratio o Native resolution ? Connector types o VGA CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. 3 of 17 ? o o o o Settings o o o o HDMi S-Video Component / RGB DVI pin compatibility Refresh rate Resolution Multi-monitor Degauss 1. 8 Install and configure peripherals and input devices ? Mouse ? Keyboard ? Bar code reader ? Multimedia (e. g. web and digital cameras, MIDI, microphones) ? Biometric devices ? Touch screen ? KVM switch 1. 9 Summarize the function and types of adapter cards ? Video o PCI o PCIe o AGP ? Multimedia o Sound card o TV tuner cards o Capture cards ? I/O o SCSI o Serial o USB o Parallel ? Communications o NIC o Modem 1. 10 Install, configure and optimize laptop components and features ? Expansion devices o PCMCIA cards o PCI Express cards o Docking station ? Communication connections o Bluetooth o Infrared o Cellular WAN o Ethernet o Modem ? Power and electrical input devices o Auto-switching o Fixed input power supplies o Batteries ? Input devices o Stylus / digitizer CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 4 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. o o Function keys Point devices (e. g. touch pad, point stick / track point) 1. 11 Install and configure printers ? Differentiate between printer types o Laser o Inkjet o Thermal o Impact ? Local vs. network printers ? Printer drivers (compatibility) ? Consumables 2. 0 Troubleshooting, Repair and Maintenance 2. Given a scenario, explain the troubleshooting theory ? Identify the problem o Question the user and identify user changes to computer and perform backups before making changes ? Establish a theory of probable cause (question the obvious) ? Test the theory to determine cause o Once theory is confirmed determine next steps to resolve problem o If theory is not confirmed re-establish new theory or escalate ? Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and implement the solution ? Verify full system functionality and if applicable implement preventative measures ? Document findings, actions and outcomes 2. 2 Given a scenario, explain and interpret common hardware and operating system symptoms and their causes ? OS related symptoms o Bluescreen o System lock-up o Input/output device o Application install o Start or load o Windows specific printing problems ? Print spool stalled ? Incorrect / incompatible driver ? Hardware related symptoms o Excessive heat o Noise o Odors o Status light indicators o Alerts o Visible damage (e. g. cable, plastic) ? Use documentation and resources o User / installation manuals o Internet / web based o Training materials 2. Given a scenario, determine the troubleshooting methods and tools for printers ? Manage print jobs ? Print spooler ? Printer properties and settings CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. 5 of 17 ? Print a test page 2. 4 Given a sc enario, explain and interpret common laptop issues and determine the appropriate basic troubleshooting method ? Issues o Power conditions o Video o Keyboard o Pointer o Stylus o Wireless card issues ? Methods o Verify power (e. . LEDs, swap AC adapter) o Remove unneeded peripherals o Plug in external monitor o Toggle Fn keys or hardware switches o Check LCD cutoff switch o Verify backlight functionality and pixilation o Check switch for built-in WIFI antennas or external antennas 2. 5 Given a scenario, integrate common preventative maintenance techniques ? Physical inspection ? Updates o Driver o Firmware o OS o Security ? Scheduling preventative maintenance o Defrag o Scandisk o Check disk o Startup programs ? Use of appropriate repair tools and cleaning materials o Compressed air o Lint free cloth o Computer vacuum and compressors ? Power devices o Appropriate source such as power strip, surge protector or UPS ? Ensuring proper environment ? Backup procedures 3. 0 Operating Systems and Software – Unless otherwise noted, operating systems referred to within include Microsoft Windows 2000, Windows XP Professional, XP Home, XP MediaCenter, Windows Vista Home, Home Premium, Business and Ultimate, Windows 7 Starter, Home Premium, Professional and Ultimate 3. 1 Compare and contrast the different Windows Operating Systems and their features ? Windows 2000, Windows XP 32bit vs. 64bit, Windows Vista 32 bit vs. 64bit, Windows 7 32-bit vs. 4-bit o Side bar, Aero, UAC, minimum system requirements, system limits o Windows 2000 and newer – upgrade paths and requirements ? Windows OS Upgrade Advisor ? Microsoft Assessment and Planning Toolkit CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 6 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectiv es are subject to change without notice. o o o Terminology (32bit vs. 64bit – x86 vs. x64) Application compatibility, installed program locations (32bit vs. 64bit), Windows compatibility mode User interface, start bar layout 3. Given a scenario, demonstrate proper use of user interfaces ? Windows Explorer o Libraries in Windows 7 ? My Computer ? Control Panel ? Command prompt utilities o telnet o ping o ipconfig ? Run line utilities o msconfig o msinfo32 o Dxdiag o Cmd o REGEDIT ? My Network Places / Home Group ? Location of basic network settings between OS versions ? Task bar / systray ? Administrative tools o Performance monitor, Event Viewer, Services, Computer Management ? MMC ? Task Manager ? Start Menu 3. 3 Explain the process and steps to install and configure the Windows OS ? File systems o FAT32 vs. NTFS ? Directory structures o Create folders o Navigate directory structures ? Files o Creation o Extensions o Attributes o Permissions ? Verification of hardware compatibility and minimum requirements ? Installation methods o Boot media such as DVD, CD, floppy or USB o Network installation o Install from image o Recover CD o Factory recovery partition ? Operating system installation options o File system type o Network configuration o Repair install ? Disk preparation order o Format drive o Partition CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 7 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. ? ? ? ? ? o Start installation Device Manager o Verify o Install and update devices drivers o Driver signing User data migration – User State Migration Tool (USMT) Virtual memory Configure power management o Suspend o Wake on LAN o Sleep timers o Hibernate o Standby Demonstrate safe removal of peripherals 3. 4 Explain the basics of boot sequences, methods and startup utilities ? Disk boot order / device priority o Types of boot devices (disk, network, USB, other) ? Boot options o Safe mode o Boot to restore point o Recovery options ? Automated System Recovery (ASR) ? Emergency Repair Disk (ERD) ? Recovery console 4. 0 Networking 4. 1 Summarize the basics of networking fundamentals, including technologies, devices and protocols ? Basics of configuring IP addressing and TCP/IP properties (DHCP, DNS) ? Bandwidth and latency ? Status indicators ? Protocols (TCP/IP, NETBIOS) ? Full-duplex, half-duplex ? Basics of workgroups and domains ? Common ports: HTTP, FTP, POP, SMTP, TELNET, HTTPS ? LAN / WAN ? Hub, switch and router ? Identify Virtual Private Networks (VPN) ? Basics class identification ? IPv6 vs. IPv4 o Address length differences o Address conventions 4. 2 Categorize network cables and connectors and their implementations ? Cables o Plenum / PVC o UTP (e. g. CAT3, CAT5 / 5e, CAT6) o STP o Fiber o Coaxial cable CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 8 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. ? Connectors o RJ45 o RJ11 4. 3 Compare and contrast the different network types ? Broadband o DSL o Cable o Satellite o Fiber ? Dial-up ? Wireless o All 802. 11 types o WEP o WPA o SSID o MAC filtering o DHCP settings ? Bluetooth ? Cellular 5. 0 Security 5. 1 Explain the basic principles of security concepts and technologies ? Encryption technologies ? Data wiping / hard drive destruction / hard drive recycling ? Software firewall o Port security o Exceptions ? Authentication technologies o User name o Password o Biometrics o Smart cards ? Basics of data sensitivity and data security o Compliance o Classifications o Social engineering 5. 2 Summarize the following security features ? Wireless encryption o WEPx and WPAx o Client configuration (SSID) ? Malicious software protection o Viruses o Trojans o Worms o Spam o Spyware o Adware o Grayware ? BIOS Security o Drive lock CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 9 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. ? ? ? o Passwords o Intrusion detection o TPM Password management / password complexity Locking workstation o Hardware o Operating system Biometrics o Fingerprint scanner 6. 0 Operational Procedure 6. 1 Outline the purpose of appropriate safety and environmental procedures and given a scenario apply them ? ESD ? EMI o Network interference o Magnets ? RFI o Cordless phone interference o Microwaves ? Electrical safety o CRT o Power supply o Inverter o Laser printers o Matching power requirements of equipment with power distribution and UPSs ? Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) ? Cable management o Avoiding trip hazards ? Physical safety o Heavy devices o Hot components ? Environmental – consider proper disposal procedures 6. 2 Given a scenario, demonstrate the appropriate use of communication skills and professionalism in the workplace ? Use proper language – avoid jargon, acronyms, slang ? Maintain a positive attitude ? Listen and do not interrupt a customer ? Be culturally sensitive ? Be on time o If late contact the customer ? Avoid distractions o Personal calls o Talking to co-workers while interacting with customers o Personal interruptions ? Dealing with a difficult customer or situation o Avoid arguing with customers and/or being defensive o Do not minimize customers’ problems o Avoid being judgmental o Clarify customer statements ? Ask open-ended questions to narrow the scope of the problem ? Restate the issue or question to verify understanding CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 10 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. ? Set and meet expectations / timeline and communicate status with the customer o Offer different repair / replacement options if applicable o Provide proper documentation on the services provided o Follow up with customer / user at a later date to verify satisfaction Deal appropriately with customers confidential materials o Located on compu ter, desktop, printer, etc. CompTIA A+ Acronyms Introduction The following is a list of acronyms which appear on the CompTIA A+ exams. Candidates are encouraged to review the complete list and attain a working knowledge of all listed acronyms as a part of a comprehensive exam preparation program. ACRONYM AC ACL ACPI ACT ADSL AGP AMD APIPA APM ARP ASR ATA ATAPI ATM ATX BIOS BNC BTX CD CD-ROM CD-RW CDFS CFS CMOS COMx CPU CRT DAC DB-25 SPELLED OUT alternating current access control list advanced configuration and power interface activity asymmetrical digital subscriber line accelerated graphics port advanced micro devices automatic private internet protocol addressing advanced power management address resolution protocol automated system recovery advanced technology attachment advanced technology attachment packet interface asynchronous transfer mode advanced technology extended basic input/output system Bayonet-Neill-Concelman or British Naval Connector balanced technology extended compact disc compact disc-read-only memory compact disc-rewritable compact disc file system Central File System, Common File System, Command File System complementary metal-oxide semiconductor communication port (x=port number) central processing unit cathode-ray tube discretionary access control ser ial communications D-shell connector, 25 pins Version 2. 0 11 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. DB-9 DC DDOS DDR DDR RAM DDR SDRAM DFS DHCP DIMM DIN DIP DLT DLP DMA DMZ DNS DOS DRAM DSL DVD DVD-RAM DVD-ROM DVD-R DVD-RW DVI ECC ECP EEPROM EFS EIDE EMI EMP EPROM EPP ERD ESD EVGA EVDO FAT FAT12 FAT16 FAT32 FDD Fn 9 pin D shell connector direct current distributed denial of service double data-rate double data-rate random access memory double data-rate synchronous ynamic random access memory distributed file system dynamic host configuration protocol dual inline memory module Deutsche Industrie Norm dual inline package digital linear tape digital light processing direct memory access demilitarized zone domain name service or domain name server denial of service dynamic random access memory digital subscriber line digital vid eo disc or digital versatile disc digital video disc-random access memory digital video disc-read only memory digital video disc-recordable digital video disc-rewritable digital visual interface error correction code extended capabilities port electrically erasable programmable read-only memory encrypting file system enhanced integrated drive electronics electromagnetic interference electromagnetic pulse erasable programmable read-only memory enhanced parallel port emergency repair disk electrostatic discharge extended video graphics adapter/array evolution data optimized or evolution data only file allocation table 12-bit file allocation table 16-bit file allocation table 32-bit file allocation table floppy disk drive Function (referring to the function key on a laptop) Version 2. 0 12 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. FPM FRU FSB FTP FQDN Gb GB GDI GHz GUI GPS GSM HAL HCL HDD HDMi HPFS HTML HTTP HTTPS I/O ICMP ICR IDE IDS IEEE IIS IMAP IP IPCONFIG IPP IPSEC IPX IPX/SPX IR IrDA IRQ ISA ISDN ISO ISP JBOD Kb KB fast page-mode field replaceable unit Front Side Bus file transfer protocol fully qualified domain name gigabit gigabyte graphics device interface gigahertz graphical user interface global positioning system global system for mobile communications hardware abstraction layer hardware compatibility list hard disk drive high definition media interface high performance file system hypertext markup language hypertext transfer protocol hypertext transfer protocol over secure sockets layer input/output internet control essage protocol intelligent character recognition integrated drive electronics Intrusion Detection System Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Internet Information Services internet mail access protocol internet protocol internet protocol configuration internet printing pr otocol internet protocol security internetwork packet exchange internetwork packet exchange/sequenced packet exchange infrared Infrared Data Association interrupt request industry standard architecture integrated services digital network Industry Standards Organization internet service provider just a bunch of disks kilobit Kilobyte or knowledge base Version 2. 0 13 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. LAN LBA LC LCD LDAP LED Li-on LPD/LPR LPT LVD MAC MAPI MAU Mb MB MBR MBSA MFD MFP MHz MicroDIMM MIDI MIME MMC MMX MP3 MP4 MPEG MSCONFIG MSDS MUI NAC NAS NAT NetBIOS NetBEUI NFS NIC NiCd NiMH NLX NNTP NTFS NTLDR ocal area network logical block addressing Lucent connector liquid crystal display lightweight directory access protocol light emitting diode lithium-ion line printer daemon / line printer remote line printer terminal low voltage differential media access control / mandatory access control messaging application programming interface media access unit, media attachment unit megabit megabyte master boot record Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer multi-function device multi-function product megahertz micro dual inline memory module musical instrument digital interface multipurpose internet mail extension Microsoft management console multimedia extensions Moving Picture Experts Group Layer 3 Audio Moving Picture Experts Group Layer 4 Moving Picture Experts Group Microsoft configuration material safety data sheet multilingual user interface network access control network-attached storage network address translation networked basic input/output system networked basic input/output system extended user interface network file system network interface card nickel cadmium nickel metal hydride new low-profile extended network news transfer protocol new technology file system new technology loader Version 2. 0 14 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. NTP OCR OEM OS PAN PATA PC PCI PCIe PCIX PCL PCMCIA PDA PGA PGA2 PIN PKI PnP POP3 POST POTS PPP PPTP PRI PROM PS/2 PSTN PSU PVC PXE QoS RAID RAM RAS RDRAM RDP RF RFI RGB RIMM RIP RIS RISC RJ Network Time Protocol optical character recognition original equipment manufacturer operating system personal area network parallel advanced technology attachment personal computer peripheral component interconnect peripheral component interconnect express peripheral component interconnect extended printer control language Personal Computer Memory Card International Association personal digital assistant pin grid array pin grid array 2 personal identification number public key infrastructure plug and play post office protocol 3 power-on self test plain old telephone service point-to-point protocol point-to-point tunneling protocol primary rate interface programmable read-only memory personal system/2 connector public switched telephone network power supply unit permanent virtual circuit preboot execution environment quality of service redundant array of independent (or inexpensive) discs random access memory remote access service RAMBUS ® dynamic random access memory Remote Desktop Protocol radio frequency radio frequency interference red green blue RAMBUS ® inline memory module routing information protocol remote installation service reduced instruction set computer registered jack Version 2. 0 15 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. RJ-11 RJ-45 RMA ROM RS-232 or RS-232C RTC SAN SATA SC SCP SCSI SCSI ID SD card SDRAM SEC SFC SGRAM SIMM SLI S. M. A. R. T. SMB SMTP SNMP SoDIMM SOHO SP SP1 SP2 SP3 SP4 SPDIF SPGA SPX SRAM SSH SSID SSL ST STP SVGA SXGA TB TCP TCP/IP egistered jack function 11 registered jack function 45 returned materials authorization read only memory recommended standard 232 real-time clock storage area network serial advanced technology attachment subscription channel secure copy protection small computer system interface small computer system interface identifier secure digital car d synchronous dynamic random access memory single edge connector system file checker synchronous graphics random access memory single inline memory module scalable link interface or system level integration or scanline interleave mode self-monitoring, analysis, and reporting technology server message block or small to midsize business simple mail transport protocol simple network management protocol small outline dual inline memory module small office/home office service pack service pack 1 service pack 2 service pack 3 service pack 4 Sony-Philips digital interface format staggered pin grid array sequenced package exchange static random access memory secure shell service set identifier secure sockets layer straight tip shielded twisted pair super video graphics array super extended graphics array terabyte transmission control protocol transmission control protocol/internet protocol Version 2. 0 16 of 17 CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology In dustry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. TDR TFTP TPM UAC UART UDF UDMA UDP UNC UPS URL USB USMT UTP UXGA VESA VFAT VGA VoIP VPN VRAM WAN WAP WEP WIFI WINS WLAN WPA WUXGA XGA ZIF ZIP ime domain reflectometer trivial file transfer protocol trusted platform module user account control universal asynchronous receiver transmitter user defined functions or universal disk format or universal data format ultra direct memory access user datagram protocol universal naming convention uninterruptible power supply uniform resource locator universal serial bus user state migration tool unshielded twisted pair ultra extended graphics array Video Electronics Standards Association virtual file allocation table video graphics array voice over internet protocol virtual private network video random access memory wide area network wireless application protocol wired equivalent privacy wireless fidelity windows internet name service wireless local area network wireless protected access wide ultra extended graphics array extended graphics array zero-insertion-force zigzag inline package CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives Version 2. 0 17 of 17 Copyright  © 2008 by the Computing Technology Industry Association. All rights reserved. The CompTIA A+ 220-701 Objectives are subject to change without notice. How to cite Comptia a+, Papers

Google Core Values free essay sample

We have a challenging/energetic work environment ? We celebrate our successes and each others accomplishments both professional and personal 4) Be actively involved; you are Google ? Honor commitments ? We openly communicate and trust you with a great deal of information and we expectyou to honor our confidentiality ? Understand when you are representing Google and act appropriately 5) Dont take success for granted ? Think and act like an underdog ? Be humble with success; dont be arrogant ? Be scrappy and resourceful 6) Do the right thing; dont be evil Honesty and integrity in all we do ? Our business practices are beyond reproach ? We make money by doing good things 7) Earn customer and user loyalty and respect every day ? Create, enhance and maintain great products and services 8) Sustainable long-term growth and profitability are key to our success ? Think scale and efficiency ? Every dollar is yours ? Do things that matter 9) Google cares about and supports the communities wher e we work and live ? We encourage and enable our people to support local community involvement and expectthem to participate

John F Kennedy free essay sample

TV Debates John F Kennedy ; Kennedy tried to identify himself with the liberal reform tradition of the Democratic party of Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman, promising a new surge of legislative innovation in the sass. ; JEFF hoped to pull together key elements of the Roosevelt coalition of the sass-?urban minorities, ethnic voting blocs, and organized labor. He also hoped to win back conservative Catholics who had deserted the Democrats to vote for Eisenhower In 1952 and 1956, and to hold his own In the South. John F.Kennedy eloquently confronted the religious Issue In an appearance afore the Greater-Houston Ministerial Association. He said, l believe in an America where the separation of church and state is absolute; where no Catholic prelate would tell the President-?should he be Catholic-?how to act, and no Protestant minister would tell his parishioners for whom to vote. But anti-Catholic feeling remained a wild card in the campaign. We will write a custom essay sample on John F Kennedy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ; John Fitzgerald Kennedy captured the Democratic nomination despite his youth, a seeming lack of experience In foreign affairs, and his Catholic faith.On May 10, he won a solid victory In the Democratic remarry in overwhelmingly Protestant West Virginia. His success there launched him toward a first ballot victory at the national convention in Los Angels-?although he did not reach the 761 votes required for the nomination until the final state in the roll call, Wyoming. After choosing Texas senator Lyndon Johnson as his running mate, Kennedy told the convention delegates that he would get the nation moving again. He declared that the united States would have the will and the strength to resist communism around the world. Kennedy then challenged the vice president to a series of televised debates. Many in the Nixon camp, including President Eisenhower, urged the vice president to reject the debate proposal and deny Kennedy invaluable national exposure. But Nixon confidently agreed to share a platform with his rival on nationwide television. In 1950, only 11 percent of American homes had television; by 1960, the number had Jumped to 88 percent. An estimated seventy million Americans, about two-thirds of the electorate, watched the first debate on September 26th. Age was not the only factor in the election. Kennedy was also Roman Catholic, and no Catholic had ever been elected President before. AL SMITH, a Catholic, suffered a crushing defeat to HERBERT HOOVER in 1928. This raised serious questions about the eligibility of a Catholic candidate, particularly in the Bible Belt South. Questions were raised about Kennedys ability to place national interests above the wishes of his Pope. ; Kennedy addressed a group of Protestant ministers. He pledged a solid commitment to separation of church and state.Despite his assurances, his faith cost him an estimated 1. 5 million votes in November 1960. ; Kennedy stressed his character, assisted by those in the press who reported stories bout his World War II heroism. While he was serving in the South Pacific aboard the PETTY, a Japanese destroyer rammed his ship and snapped it in two. Kennedy rescued several of his cremates from certain death. Then he swam from island to Kennedy had carved into a coconut to an American naval base. Courage and character became the major themes of Kennedys campaign. Kennedy was from a wealthy background and graduated from Harvard University. ; Kennedy named one of his opponents for the Democratic nomination his Vice-President. Lyndon Johnson was older and much more experienced in the Senate. Johnson was from Texas, an obvious attempt by Kennedy to shore up his potential weaknesses in the South ; . In his inauguration speech, he challenged his fellow Americans to Ask not what your country can do for you -? ask what you can do for your country. ; Proclaiming that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, Kennedy, young and good-looking, boldly and proudly assumed office with a bravado. ; Kennedy challenged the American people and government to put a man on the moon by the end of the decade. Congress responded enthusiastically by appropriating billions of dollars for the effort. During Kennedys administration ALAN SHEPHERD became the first American to enter space, and JOHN GLENN became the first American to orbit the earth.In 1969, many thought of President Kennedys challenge when Neil Armstrong became the first human being to set foot on the moon. ; He signed legislation raising the minimum wage and increasing Social Security benefits. He raised money for research into mental illness and allocated funds to develop impoverished rural areas. He showed approval for the civil rights movement by supporting James Meredith attempt to enroll at the University of Mississippi and by ordering his Attorney General, brother Robert Kennedy, to protect the freedom riders in the South. He wished to protect millions of acres of wilderness lands from developments, but the Congress refused. His efforts to provide federal funds to elementary and secondary schools were denied. His Medicare plan to provide health insurance for the nations elderly failed to achieve the necessary support. Congress was dominated by a coalition of Republicans and conservative Southern Democrats who refused to expand the New Deal any further. ; Lee Harvey Oswald assassinated Kennedy in November, 1963. His death provided a popular mandate for these important programs.In the tumultuous years that followed, many yearned for the happy Kennedy years -? a return to Camelot ; President Kennedy faced a confident Soviet Union and a sleeping giant in the PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA. Fears of communist expansion plagued American foreign policy in places as distant as Vietnam and as close as Cuba. ; Like his predecessors, Kennedy made containment his chief foreign policy goal. Abandoning Dwight Eisenhower heavy reliance on nuclear deterrence, Kennedy expanded defense spending. The United States needed a FLEXIBLE RESPONSE capability. One of Kennedys most popular foreign policy initiatives was the PEACE CORPS. Led by SERGEANT SHRIVES, this program allowed Americans to volunteer two years of service to a developing nation. Applicants would be placed based upon their particular skill sets. English teachers would be placed where the learning of the language was needed. Entrepreneurs trained local merchants how to maximize profits. Doctors and nurses were needed anywhere. ;In October 1962, the United States learned that the Soviet Union was about to deploy nuclear missiles in Cuba.Kennedy found this unacceptable. He ordered a NAVAL QUARANTINE OF CUBA and ordered Soviet leader Nikkei penetrate the American blockade would be met with an immediate military response. The world watched this dangerous game of nuclear chicken unfold. Finally, Khrushchev acceded to Kennedys demands, and the world remained safe from global confrontation. ; The CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS marked the closest the United States and the Soviet Union came to direct confrontation in the entire Cold War. ; On November 22, 1963, a wave of shock and grief swept the United States.While sitting Dallas, President Kennedy was killed by an assassins bullet ; 43-year-old Kennedy lacked Onions extensive foreign policy experience and had the disadvantage of being one of the first Catholics to run for president on a major party ticket. ; Richard Nixon Nixon emphasized the record of the Eisenhower years. He pledged to keep the federal government from dominating the free market economy and the lives of the American people. ; The Republican nominee was 47-year-old Vice President Richard M. Nixon.He pointed to the peace and prosperity of the Eisenhower administration ND assured the voters that he would maintain American prestige, leadership, and military strength. He chose Henry Cabot Lodge, U. S. Ambassador to the United Nations, as his running mate. Nixon struck many voters as more mature and experienced than Kennedy and led in the polls after the national conventions. ; Nixon decided to leave religious issues out of the campaign and hammer the perception that Kennedy was too inexperienced to sit in the Oval Office. ; Nixon stressed his steadfast commitment to fighting communism.He had made a name for himself as a staunch red-baiter in the post-war era, leading the charge against alleged spy ALGER HISS. Nixon emphasized the importance of his 8 years as Vice- President. The Soviet Union and China were always pressing, and America could ill afford a President who had to learn on the Job. ; Nixon painted himself the average American, growing up poor in California, and working his way through Whittier College. ; Nixon named Massachusetts SENATOR HENRY CABOT LODGE as his running mate to attack Kennedy in his region of greatest strength. Many analysts suggest that the decisive battle in the campaign was waged during the televised Presidential debates. Kennedy arrived for the debates well-tanned and well-rested from Florida, while Nixon was recovering from a knee injury he suffered in a tiresome whistle-stop campaign. The Democrat was extremely telekinetic and comfortable before the camera. The Republican was nervous, sweated profusely under the hot lights, and could not seem to find a makeup artist that could hide his five oclock shadow. Nixon, by contrast, had spent nearly eight years as the country second- in-command after an illustrious career in Congress during which he cast crucial votes on a variety of domestic issues, became one of global communisms most outspoken artists and helped expose Alger Hiss alleged espionage attempt-all by the age of 39 Both candidates sought the support of the steadily growing suburban population, and for the first time, television became the dominant source of information for voters ; John F.Kennedy was elected president in one of the closest elections in U. S. History. In the popular vote, his margin over Nixon was 118,550 out of a total of nearly 69 million votes cast. His success in many urban and industrial states gave him a clear majority of 303 to 219 in the electoral vote. John Fitzgerald Kennedy was the ingest man ever elected president, the only Catholic, and the first president born in the twentieth century. Radio listeners of the first debate narrowly awarded Nixon a victory, while the larger television audience believed Kennedy won by a wide margin. When the votes were tallied in November, Kennedy earned 49. 7% of the popular vote to Onions 49. 5%. Kennedy polled only about 100,000 more votes than Nixon out of over 68 million votes cast. The electoral college awarded the election to Kennedy by a 303-219 margin, despite Nixon winning more states than Kennedy. ; The U. S. Residential election of 1960 came at a decisive time in American history.The country was engaged in a heated Cold War with the Soviet Union, which had Just taken the lead in the space race by launching the Sputnik satellite ; They both ran for the presidency 1960 election Polls revealed that more than half of all voters had been influenced by the Great Debates, while 6 percent claimed that the debates alone had decided their choice. ; This was the first televised election and was also on radio and many people had differing opinions on who had one the election. ; Jeff was said to have won the election and all of the presidency

Free Essays on Birth Rank

that describe each birth position, first-born, middle born, last born, and only children. The subjects then had to rate each word they used in terms of positive or negative using a scale ranging from -5, being most negative, to +5, being most positive. The subjects were grouped according to their birth rank and sex. The favored position, started with first-born middle, youngest, and then only-child positions. Characteristics that some peoples found positive were considered negative by others. This contrast reflects the complications of personal dynamics. The eldest birth position was viewed as dominant-aggressive, a quality that reflects both strength and weakness. The middle birth position identified with social able characteristics, thoughtfulness, responsibility, ambition, and independence. The youngest birth position was viewed as social and thoughtful. Independence, ambition, socialabl... Free Essays on Birth Rank Free Essays on Birth Rank Beliefs about birth rank and it’s contribution, personality, family role, and peer influence have been studied greatly by man psychologists and sociologists. The ideas about birth rank can reflect a different image of reality for siblings and parents. Birth orders can effect attributes of oneself’s personality because of the constraints they may feel from another sibling. In contrast to multi-child families single-child families have their own statistics about how only children develop in regards to personality, family, occupation and peers roles. Though some may feel it yields drastically different, many studies have found that it only slightly differs. The Identification of Birth Order Personality Attributes, views the first born child as the favored birth position followed by the middle, youngest, and only-child positions. The author Lawrence Nyman found that subjects ranked their own birth position similar to ways other s ranked that position. Nyman took 139 undergraduate and graduate students and asked them to list three words that describe each birth position, first-born, middle born, last born, and only children. The subjects then had to rate each word they used in terms of positive or negative using a scale ranging from -5, being most negative, to +5, being most positive. The subjects were grouped according to their birth rank and sex. The favored position, started with first-born middle, youngest, and then only-child positions. Characteristics that some peoples found positive were considered negative by others. This contrast reflects the complications of personal dynamics. The eldest birth position was viewed as dominant-aggressive, a quality that reflects both strength and weakness. The middle birth position identified with social able characteristics, thoughtfulness, responsibility, ambition, and independence. The youngest birth position was viewed as social and thoughtful. Independence, ambition, socialabl...

Answer the questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Answer the questions - Assignment Example The rationale behind this is to make the individual recruit feel as if they are part of a larger group and that this trial by hardship builds a greater sense of group identity. If on the other hand only a handful of individuals were required to strip, shave their heads, and delouse, an identification of the fact that only a select handful of individuals should be treated this way and should retain a certain identity is tacitly created. The reason for this is due to the fact that the individuals who were asked to perform them became frustrated with the increasing levels of humiliation that were used; i.e. the guards placing their feet on the backs of the prisoners or requiring other prisoners to place their own feet on the back of other prisoners who were tasked with doing the pushups. I would have rejected such privileges due to the fact that the entire purpose of the privilege was to win over a subset of the prisoners to the viewpoint of the guards as a way to â€Å"divide and conquer† 5. Most prisoners believed that the subjects selected to be guards were chosen because they were bigger than those who were made prisoners, but actually, there was no difference in the average height of the two groups. What do you think caused this misperception?   The misconception was caused with regards to who actually had the aura of dominance and authority. The dress code and the manner by which the guards interacted with the prisoners made them appear as if they were bigger and more authoritative than they were in actuality. The behavior was highly typical as our own society has built a type of wall that separates the â€Å"good guys†, individuals in authoritative positions of law enforcement, from those that are not. As such, it comes as little surprise that the visitors showed such trust and level of deference with regards to the guards on duty. 7. In an exploratory study such as this, one problem is

CASE ASSIGNMENT MODULE 4 Union Organizing Essay

CASE ASSIGNMENT MODULE 4 Union Organizing - Essay Example Current Issue: The case does not provide a clear idea of the current issues within the company. However one of the many possible issues in the company is the fact that the employees have already been faced with a major change in the company without any prior notice or even a chance to discuss the change. The company has had a change in the teams, change job titles, work assignments and the pay structure, and the only thing that was very strongly communicated to the employees was, â€Å"this is how it will be†. This has obviously caused a major uproar among the employees and has also led to a distasteful change for the employees. This can be one of the possible reasons for the employees to take a serious decision and work towards unionization. Plan: The first step that needs to be taken here is to identify the source of the issue. To do so, the first step will be to conduct a meeting with all the managers and team leaders across the organisation. Here the main task that will be given to all the managers will be to bring out the possible reasons that the employees have chosen and are attempting this change (Grossman). This will further be followed by a report stating the worse case scenarios of the implementation of the unions both for the company as well as the employees. Here several different elements like the policy details as well as the company have a number of policies against the unionization. The next step will be to bring in a training professional to assist the managers and every top level management in terms of responding to the employees and the unions (Gerson). Here a detailed understanding of unionisation and the impact it has on the company will be discussed. These supervisors should also be trained properly in responding to questions from employees about unions.  Ã‚  Another crucial aspect of the overall scene is the need for good communication with the employees and also an attempt of the organisation to take up the responsibility to un derstand the needs of the employees (Gerson). Here to do so, the managers can include individual meeting with the employees or team meetings where everyone can voice their concerns. Also, a complaint redressal team needs to be included in the company to help get all the issues and complaints that the employees are facing and to address them well at the earliest. The company also needs to focus on the supervisor training and as explained by Gerson (1998), â€Å"employers who fail to provide supervision with periodic labor law training are asking for trouble. Once a union campaign is under way, it may be too late to provide the necessary training. Often, legal mistakes made at the beginning of a union drive can seriously undermine an employer's ability to counter the union's organizing efforts† (Gerson). It is crucial to look at all possible areas where the possible issue arises from, hence one of the many which can be a cause is the issue of low pay for the employees. Hence he re the focus will be to check and in any case try and make the work place a more flexible and also better, pay structure, benefits, and working conditions for the employees (Grossman). Also, it is important to note that competition information is also an essential aspect of the business and needs to be considered as well (Segal). Also, to help ensure that the company is working in line and effectively,